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India Advances Development of Small Modular Reactors to Achieve Green Energy Goals
India is moving forward with plans to develop three types of Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) as part of its push to expand clean energy and meet its ambitious 2047 green energy targets. These advanced nuclear technologies are designed to offer scalable, safer, and more efficient alternatives to traditional large nuclear plants, while contributing significantly to decarbonizing the power and industrial sectors.
Overview of the Three SMR Technologies
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Bharat Small Modular Reactor (BSMR-200):
This 200 MWe Pressurized Water Reactor is being developed as an indigenous solution to serve high-energy-consuming industries such as aluminum, steel, and metal production. Its modular nature allows for greater flexibility and quicker deployment. -
SMR-55:
A compact 55 MWe Pressurized Water Reactor with a modular block-type configuration, SMR-55 is designed for remote and off-grid areas. It requires minimal exclusion zones, making it well-suited for decentralized energy supply where space is limited. -
Indian Gas Cooled Reactor (IGCR):
Currently in the conceptual design stage, IGCR is a 5 MWth high-temperature reactor aimed at hydrogen production through thermo-chemical processes. It is intended to support the transition to cleaner fuels in transportation and industry by enabling sustainable hydrogen supply chains.
Strategic Implementation and Timeline
Demonstration plants for these three SMRs are expected to be constructed at designated Department of Atomic Energy sites. Once project sanctions are received, construction will begin, with an estimated completion timeline of 60 to 72 months. These projects are aligned with India’s national goal of achieving 100 GW of nuclear power capacity by 2047. Approximately half of that target is projected to be met through the state-run Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited (NPCIL).
Financial Commitment and Future Prospects
A financial outlay of ₹20,000 crore has been allocated in the Union Budget 2025 for the development of five indigenous SMRs by 2033. This commitment reflects the government’s strategic focus on integrating nuclear energy into its clean energy portfolio. By investing in SMRs, India aims to ensure energy security, reduce its carbon footprint, and provide dependable power solutions for industries and underserved regions alike.
The development of these SMRs marks a transformative chapter in India’s energy journey—blending innovation, sustainability, and national self-reliance into a cleaner energy future.
