China Delivers 36 J-10C Jets to Pakistan: US Report
A recent United States defence assessment has stated that China has delivered a total of 36 J-10C multirole fighter aircraft to Pakistan, a figure that matches the number of Rafale fighter jets currently operated by the Indian Air Force. The development highlights continuing military modernisation efforts in South Asia and the deepening defence partnership between Beijing and Islamabad.
Details of the aircraft deliveries
According to the assessment, Pakistan began receiving the J-10C aircraft from China in phases starting in 2020. The deliveries were completed over multiple batches, bringing the total number of aircraft inducted into the Pakistan Air Force to 36. The J-10C is an upgraded variant equipped with modern avionics, advanced radar systems and beyond-visual-range air-to-air missiles, making it one of the most capable fighters in Pakistan’s inventory.
Comparison with India’s Rafale fleet
India operates 36 Rafale fighter jets acquired from France, which form a key part of the Indian Air Force’s frontline combat strength. While the report notes numerical parity between Pakistan’s J-10C fleet and India’s Rafale fleet, defence analysts point out that operational capability depends on a range of factors including pilot training, support infrastructure, weapons integration and overall force structure.
Regional security implications
The induction of J-10C fighters reflects Pakistan’s effort to modernise its air force amid evolving regional security dynamics. China remains Pakistan’s largest defence supplier, providing a wide range of military platforms and systems. India, meanwhile, continues to invest in upgrades, indigenous fighter development and force multipliers to maintain its air power advantage.
Broader context
The report underscores ongoing shifts in regional military capabilities but does not assess operational superiority. Officials in India have maintained that force balance should be viewed holistically rather than through platform numbers alone.
